D A B R A V O L Ė
54.479473° North, 22.783361° East

R-BY164240 - Juozas ir Sigitas Paškevičius - ᛊᚢᛃᚾᚢᛊ ᛊᚨᚾᛁᛞᛟᚹ
Looking South to Vištytis LT, from on top of Dabravolė castlehill.

ᛊᚢᛃᚾᚢᛊ ᛊᚨᚾᛁᛞᛟᚹ
 

~ R1a1a1b1a3a1a3d ~
 R-BY164240

R1a1a > Z284 > L448 > CTS4179 > YP704 > BY164240
Paškevičius - FTDNA Kit # 230573 > R-BY164240
* FTDNA Big-700 results / Yfull id: YF86015

 

ᛊᚾᚨᛊᚨ ᛊᚾᛁᚹᚨ
ᛊᚾᚨᛊᚨ ᛊᚾᛁᚹᚨ

 
 


Яцвезь Ятвезь Jatwieź Jaćvieź Яцвезь Jatwiez
Jatwez Jatvez Yatvez Yatviez Jatviez Яцвеск Ятвеск

Radiniai iš Kunigiškių piliakalnio - Lietuvos nacionalinis muziejus, inv. Nr. AR 405
Radiniai iš Kunigiškių piliakalnio - Lietuvos Nacionalinis Muziejus, inv. Nr. AR 405
Artefaktų, ypač susukto žiedo, sagės ir romėniškų monetų
( Tiberius / CaligulaClaudius  ),
amžius rodo prekybą III a., panašu R-BY164240 Paškevičių.

The crossbow brooches with a bent foot ( 3 brooches from Pajevonys-Kunigiškiai hillfort )
indicate human activity around the 3rd century AD (C1a-C2 ). A spiral ring of Beckmann type
35a most probably was produced during the 3rd century AD  (C1a-C2 ). This type occurred
mostly in coastland areas, so the Pajevonys-Kunigiškiai find expands the geography
of this fashion. Several finger rings from Pajevonys-Kunigiškiai were with a broadened
frontal coil, which is characteristic of the earliest part of the Migration period.

Spurs observed within the area occupied by the Sudovian culture
developed in phases B2/C1–C1a of the Roman Iron Age. Pajevonys
has 3 major hillfort sites - Šakių piliakalnis, Ragaišių piliakalnis,
& Pajevonio (Kunigiškių) piliakalnis

 

The Sūdovians adopted a Wielbark Gothic like weaponless burial observance. The Tiberius coin from Pajevonys, LT would suggest the interaction lasted for centuries. Inter-marriage probably was not uncommon. Ancient Wielbark culture  Mtdna H5a1 would seems to support such mixing with Balts. The higher than expected frequency of the LWb+ antigen - LW*07 allelle ( aka Nea red cell antigen ) in Hungary ( 0.4% ) may well be related to the Goths, since southern Sweden had a similar ( 0.3% ) frequency, and Gotland has even more ( 1.0% ).

Lithuanian linguist Kazimieras Būga derived Lith. vokietis from the old name of the Gotland Vagoths ( re: Icelandic vogur, Shetland voe, Finnic vuojola, Sami vuowjos ). It is not a stretch to imagine *vāg-aitis > *vog-aitis > vokietis "Gotlander > seafarer", or "foreigner" . Contacts were quite common ( re: LWb+ in Gotland ). The Nydam axe "vagagastiz" may suggest Lith. vokietis reflects an older "wave-traveler", "seafarer" or "foreigner" term using related Scandinavian ( Old Norse Vágr - sea, wave ) terminology. Such a bi-lingual etymology of "vokietis" may well reflect prolonged bi-lingual contacts as expected near Grobina / "Seeburg", or perhaps Kaup, between Gotlanders & Balts ( Gotlandic would adopt Baltic loanwords for Gutnish "kleti" - barn, and even Gutnish "mausä" - fly, insect ), and "vokietis" would persist with the evolving semantics of "Germanic seafarer" > "Germanic speaker".

The 3rd-5th century "conversion" of "East Germanic" Gothic & Vandalic to "North Germanic" left scattered traces of it's earlier use, just as West Baltic dialects left relics spoken after East Baltic dialects quickly replaced them. A comparison of Gothic "saiso" with Old Norse "seri" provides evidence for reduplication hidden by rhotacism. Finnish and Estonian still use "ja" reflecting a Gothic "jah". Continental  Gothic was  essentially a socially disconnected outlier from the W. to E. sweeping changes ( with umlauts & rhotacism ) that took place back in Scandinavia, which fortunately survived intact as Wulfila's  written Gothic of the Codex Argenteus. Trade contacts ( preceeding Hedeby / Birka ) would also export &  accelerate the newer infectious speech changes adopted in other distant regions with trading centers. With trade came a social attraction to innovation. The runic scholar, Henrik Williams, has noted that there is a boundary in dialect discernible in runic inscriptions between the south-west and north-east (Williams, 1996: 439). That boundary survives as a relic, reflecting the forgotten past, & now forgotten languages.

Recomended Reading / References

"Den gotiske sprogklasses indflydelse pĺ den finske",
A dissertation by the Danish scholar Vilhelm Thomsen (1869)

"PRELITERARY SCANDINAVIAN SOUND CHANGE VIEWED FROM THE EAST",
by Johan Schalin, Nordica Helsingiensia 54 ( Journal )

During the Wielbark culture, and the later cultural fusion of the Wielbark-Chernakhov Culture era, a West Baltic "kanăpis" agricultural term was probably borrowed as *"hanapis" into some 1st-2nd century Gothic dialects of southern Scandinavia. The earliest evidence for hemp cultivation in Scandinavia, specifically in the Malmo region of southern Sweden, began during the 1st-2nd centuries AD - centuries after Wielbark contacts & cultural mingling with various West Baltic speaking tribes.

The dialect characteristics of Wulfila's Biblical Gothic, like the Samlandian of the Prussian Catechisms, invites a heuristic approach. Weilbark settlements were often a mile or two from the villages of West Baltic speaking trade contacts. Hails / Kails.

So Goths came from Götaland, like Sūdovians came from Sūduva. Who knew?

Ptolemy.

Nobody "Vanished".

Ptolemy Goths
Ptolemy's mention of the Γαλίνδαι & Σουδινοί in the 2nd century
is reflected in Yfull samples, Mazovian id: YF03538 w/ R-YP4638,
& Sudovian id: YF86015 w/ R-BY164240.

ᛗᛖᛊ ᛈᚨᛚᛁᚲᛊᛁᛗ

Götaland R-YP4638  > Galinda (Mazovia)
Götaland
R-BY164240  > Sūduva (Suvalkia)

"What happens in Vegas, stays in Vegas"


Spearheads from grave 1 from barrow 2 in Szwajcaria by Suwalki Poland.
Spearheads from grave 1 from barrow 2 in Szwajcaria by Suwalki Poland.
Type 15 / Vennolum according to J. Ilkjćr. Phase C1b.
One was decorated originally with a silver inlay, the other with a zigzag motif,
Spearheads with a zigzag decoration are usually confined to Scandinavia.


 

Roman coins ( Tiberius / Caligula / Claudius I ) from  Kunigiškiai ( near Pajevonys, Lithuania
predate 2nd Century Ptolemy's mention of 
 Σουδινοί.

R1a - YP704 - BY62075
R1a1a > Z284 > L448 > CTS4179 > YP704 > BY62075 > R-BY164240

Similar distribution pattern of spurs & BY62075 ( R-BY164240 )
Similar distribution pattern of spurs & BY62075 ( R-BY164240 )

FTDNA Big-Y Blocktree 17 private SNP blocks would imply 1700 ybp,
or the Wielbark-Chernakhov Culture era
FTDNA Big-Y Blocktree 17 private SNP blocks would imply 1700 ybp for R-BY164240

𐌲𐌿𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌰𐍂 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐌹 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰

FTDNA's SNP Time Tree for R-BY164240
FTDNA's SNP Time Tree for R-BY164240
(Correlating with phases B2/C1–C1a of the Roman Iron Age)

 Yfull id: YF86015

𐍈𐌰𐍃 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌰?

ᛗᛖᛊ ᛈᚨᛚᛁᚲᛊᛁᛗ

 

In memory of
Sigitas Paškevičius

ᚠᚱᚨᚢᛃᚨ  ᚨᚱᛗᚨᛁ